CSP & Security Headers

Arcturus-Prime serves security headers via public/_headers, which Cloudflare Pages applies to all responses. The most complex of these is the Content-Security-Policy (CSP) header, which controls what resources the browser is allowed to load.

Header File

All security headers are defined in public/_headers under the /* catch-all rule. Cloudflare Pages reads this file at deploy time and applies the headers to matching routes.

Active Security Headers

Header	Value	Purpose
X-Content-Type-Options	`nosniff`	Prevents MIME-type sniffing
X-Frame-Options	`SAMEORIGIN`	Allows same-origin iframes (needed for F12 Console Audit)
X-XSS-Protection	`1; mode=block`	Legacy XSS filter (browser support varies)
Referrer-Policy	`strict-origin-when-cross-origin`	Full referrer to same origin, origin-only to cross-origin
Permissions-Policy	`camera=(), microphone=(self), geolocation=()`	Disables camera/geo, allows mic (voice features)
Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy	`same-origin`	Isolates browsing context
Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy	`same-origin`	Restricts resource loading to same origin
HSTS	`max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload`	Forces HTTPS for 1 year

Content Security Policy

The CSP header is a single line in public/_headers (line 178). Each directive controls a different resource type.

Current Directives

Directive	Allowed Sources	What It Controls
`default-src`	`'self'`	Fallback for unlisted resource types
`script-src`	`'self' 'unsafe-inline' data: static.cloudflareinsights.com cdn.jsdelivr.net`	JavaScript execution
`style-src`	`'self' 'unsafe-inline' cdnjs.cloudflare.com fonts.googleapis.com`	CSS loading
`font-src`	`'self' cdnjs.cloudflare.com fonts.gstatic.com`	Font file loading
`img-src`	`'self' data: blob: https:`	Image loading (permissive — allows any HTTPS)
`connect-src`	`'self' .Arcturus-Prime.com Arcturus-Prime.com wss://.Arcturus-Prime.com static.cloudflareinsights.com Arcturus-Prime.cloudflareaccess.com api.github.com`	XHR, fetch, WebSocket
`frame-src`	`'self' *.Arcturus-Prime.com Arcturus-Prime.cloudflareaccess.com`	Iframe sources
`object-src`	`'none'`	Blocks Flash/Java applets
`base-uri`	`'self'`	Prevents `<base>` tag hijacking

Why `unsafe-inline` Is Required

Arcturus-Prime uses Astro’s <script is:inline> pattern extensively for pages that need DOM manipulation with View Transitions compatibility. These emit literal inline <script> blocks in the HTML. Without 'unsafe-inline', all inline scripts and styles would be blocked.

A nonce-based approach would be more secure but requires SSR middleware to inject a unique nonce per request into both the CSP header and every <script>/<style> tag — significant complexity for a site behind Cloudflare Access authentication.

Adding New Third-Party Resources

When integrating a new external service, determine which CSP directives need updating:

Resource Type	Directive	Example
External JS library	`script-src`	`cdn.jsdelivr.net`
External CSS/fonts	`style-src` + `font-src`	`fonts.googleapis.com` + `fonts.gstatic.com`
API calls (fetch/XHR)	`connect-src`	`api.github.com`
Embedded iframes	`frame-src`	`*.Arcturus-Prime.com`
Images from CDN	`img-src`	Already allows `https:` broadly

Google Fonts requires TWO directives: fonts.googleapis.com in style-src (serves the CSS file) and fonts.gstatic.com in font-src (serves the actual WOFF2 font files).

Troubleshooting CSP Violations

CSP violations appear in the browser console as:

Refused to load the stylesheet 'https://fonts.googleapis.com/...'
because it violates the following Content Security Policy directive:
"style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com".

Steps to Fix

Identify the blocked resource from the console error message
Determine the directive — the error message names it explicitly
Add the domain to the relevant directive in public/_headers line 178
Commit and push — CF Pages applies the new headers on next deploy
Verify with a hard refresh (Ctrl+Shift+R) to bypass cache

Common Gotchas

Cache delay — public/_headers has a 5-minute cache for admin pages. Wait or hard-refresh.
Wildcard subdomain — *.Arcturus-Prime.com covers subdomains but NOT Arcturus-Prime.com itself (both must be listed in connect-src).
blob: for img-src — dynamically generated images (canvas exports, PDF previews) use blob: URLs that need explicit allowlisting.
WebSocket — wss://*.Arcturus-Prime.com in connect-src covers secure WebSocket connections to Arcturus-Prime subdomains.

X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

This header was changed from DENY to SAMEORIGIN to support the F12 Console Audit feature, which loads every page in a hidden same-origin iframe to capture console errors. The SAMEORIGIN value still prevents external sites from embedding Arcturus-Prime pages.

F12 Console Audit — automated console error detection using iframes
Cloudflare Pages — deployment and hosting configuration